॥ श्री राम ॥

Kishkindha Kanda

The Book of the Vanara Kingdom — a friendship forged in the cavern of a mountain

Kanda 4 of 7

Overview

किष्किन्धाकाण्ड · The Covenant

Grief-stricken near the lake Pampa, Rama meets Hanuman — swift to appraise, eloquent in speech — who leads him to the exiled Vanara prince Sugriva. On the slope of Rishyamukha the two outcasts, a dethroned prince and a banished king, swear an eternal covenant of friendship before Agni: Rama will help Sugriva regain his kingdom, and Sugriva will help Rama recover Sita.

The Kanda turns on justice. Vali, the mighty emperor of Kishkindha, had wronged his own brother; Rama, standing behind a tree, brings him down with an arrow. Years of fratricidal wrong come to an end, and a weeping Vali — honoured even in death — is honoured by Rama's own words. Sugriva is crowned king, and his brother's son Angad is made heir.

Through the long monsoon the monkey armies rest at Prasravana, and then the search is launched to every quarter of the earth. The southern scouts, led by Angad and Hanuman, plunge into despair and near death by fasting — until the ancient vulture Sampati, brother of Jatayu, tells them what only a bird of the sky could know: Sita lives, captive across the sea, in the golden city of Lanka. The stage is set for the leap of Hanuman.

67
Sargas (Cantos)
Friendship
Central Theme
Hanuman
Prime Mover
Pampa
Signature Place

The Narrative

Key Events

1

The First Meeting

Hanuman, envoy of Sugriva, meets Rama by the lake Pampa and weaves the friendship of the two princes.

2

The Covenant of Fire

Rama and Sugriva swear before the sacred fire — mutual restoration, mutual rescue — and seals of truth are given.

3

The Fall of Vali

The great emperor, misled by Sugriva's challenge, strides out and meets the arrow of Rama — his own injustices returned to him.

4

Coronation

Sugriva ascends the throne of Kishkindha with Angad as his heir, in a kingdom reconciled to its new dawn.

5

The Search Dispacthed

When the rains end, Vanara armies pour into every quarter, each commanded by captains of valour.

6

Sampati's Winged News

The southern host learns from the vulture Sampati that Sita is held in Lanka beyond the southern sea.

Key Figures

Who You Meet in This Kanda

रा

Lord Rama

The Covenant-Maker

Swears friendship in fire and fulfils it with arrow and counsel before asking anything in return.

ह

Hanuman

The First Messenger

His eloquence and gladness win Rama's confidence and set the entire quest in motion.

सु

Sugriva

The Exiled Prince

From a frightened exile to a restored king — his is a story of trust that redeems the kingdom.

व

Vali

The Fallen Emperor

His death is weighted with grief and justice, and Rama honours him as he falls.

अ

Angad

Prince & Commander

Son of Vali, named heir; his southern expedition carries the fate of the search.

स

Sampati

The Far-Sighted Vulture

Brother of Jatayu, his news from the sky reveals Sita's captivity in Lanka.

Verse of the Kanda

The Debt of Friendship

उपकारेण वीरस्तु प्रतीकारेण युज्यते।
अकृतज्ञोऽप्रतिकृतो हन्ति सत्त्ववतां मनः॥

"A hero is bound to requite a favour; an ungrateful one who never repays it destroys the heart of the virtuous."

Kishkindha Kanda · Sarga 27 · Shloka 45